The 100 Best Travel Experiences in Europe

Oia is the northernmost village on Santorini and the best known, with its white-washed Cycladic architecture, blue-domed churches, and cliffside position above the caldera.

It is particularly famous for its sunset, which draws crowds from across the island to watch the sun sink into the Aegean.

The crescent-shaped caldera of Santorini, formed by a massive volcanic eruption around 1600 BC, is a 12km-wide bay ringed by cliffs that rise up to 300 metres straight out of the sea.

White-washed cube houses and blue-domed churches line the rim at Fira, Imerovigli and Oia, and boat trips run out to the still-active volcanic islets at its centre.

It is one of the world's most recognisable islands, and priced accordingly.

A rusting shipwreck sits on white sand in a cove ringed by sheer limestone cliffs, reachable only by boat from Zakynthos.

Mineral runoff from the cliffs turns the water a startling turquoise, and boat trips let visitors land and swim beside the wreck itself.

Rockfalls have periodically closed both the beach and the clifftop viewing platform above it, so check what is actually open before committing to a trip.

The Amalfi Coast is a 50-kilometre stretch of cliffside villages, lemon groves, and impossibly blue Mediterranean sea along the southern edge of the Sorrentine Peninsula.

Perched villages like Positano and Ravello tumble down vertiginous hillsides in a cascade of pastel buildings.

Hallstatt is a tiny lakeside village in the Austrian Salzkammergut, wedged onto a narrow shelf between steep mountains and the water.

Its salt mine has been worked for around 7,000 years, making it one of Europe's oldest continuously exploited industrial sites, and the Iron Age culture excavated here is named after the village.

Pastel Renaissance houses stack up from the shoreline in a place barely a few streets deep.

The Lofoten archipelago in northern Norway rises dramatically from the Norwegian Sea as a series of jagged peaks and sheltered bays.

Traditional red fishing cabins called rorbuer dot the shoreline against a backdrop of some of Europe's most spectacular mountain scenery, with the Northern Lights frequently visible in winter.

The Matterhorn's near-perfect pyramidal peak has made it one of the most recognised mountains in the world and the symbol of the Swiss Alps.

Rising 4,478 metres above the car-free village of Zermatt, it is reflected in the Riffelsee lake during clear summer mornings.

Plitvice Lakes National Park contains sixteen turquoise lakes connected by a series of waterfalls, cascades, and travertine barriers, all within an ancient beech forest.

The network of wooden boardwalks allows visitors to walk over and around the water in one of Europe's most enchanting natural landscapes.

Positano is the Amalfi Coast's poster child: a wall of peach, rose and terracotta houses stacked impossibly steeply between the cliffs and a dark-sand beach.

The classic view, the whole town glowing above Spiaggia Grande, is best from the coast path or from the ferry pulling out.

Below the view it's all lemon groves, boutiques and long seafood lunches.

Mont Saint-Michel is a tidal island commune in Normandy topped by a medieval Benedictine abbey that soars 80 metres above the surrounding tidal flats.

When the sea retreats, the island is connected to the mainland by a causeway; when the tide comes in at one of the fastest rates in Europe, the island becomes a castle rising from the sea.

Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon is a breathtaking glacial lake in southeast Iceland filled with icebergs that have calved from the Breidamerkurjokull glacier, which is an outlet of the massive Vatnajokull ice cap.

The icebergs range from small chunks to cathedral-sized masses and drift slowly out to sea past Diamond Beach.

Cinque Terre is a string of five centuries-old fishing villages clinging to the cliffs of the Italian Riviera, connected by scenic hiking trails above the Ligurian Sea.

Manarola, Vernazza, Corniglia, Monterosso, and Riomaggiore tumble down their respective cliff faces in a cascade of colourful buildings.

Lake Bled is Slovenia's most famous sight — a glacial lake of impossibly vivid turquoise water, a tiny island crowned with a baroque church, and a medieval castle perched on a sheer cliff above.

The surrounding Julian Alps complete a scene that seems almost too perfect to be real.

A traditional pletna boat is the only way out to the island's 99 steps.

Billed as the world's slowest express train, the Glacier Express takes almost eight hours to cross the Swiss Alps between Zermatt and St Moritz, crossing 291 bridges and 91 tunnels while never exceeding 45 km/h, deliberately slow enough for the panoramic windows to take in the full scale of the Alps.

The curved Landwasser Viaduct is the journey's single most famous moment.

Scotland's largest and most dramatic island rises from the Inner Hebrides like a dark, brooding giant.

The jagged peaks of the Cuillin mountains, the eerie Quiraing landscape, the ancient Dunvegan Castle, and the famous Fairy Pools make Skye one of the UK's most spectacular destinations.

Geirangerfjord is a narrow arm of the sea in western Norway, walled in by near-vertical cliffs over a kilometre high and threaded with waterfalls such as the Seven Sisters.

A UNESCO World Heritage fjord, it can be seen by sightseeing boat, from a hairpin mountain road, or on foot along old farm paths.

Cruise ships call through the short summer season, but the scale of the cliffs and water still dominates.

Perched high above the Bavarian Alps, Neuschwanstein Castle is the fairy-tale fortress that inspired Disney's Sleeping Beauty Castle.

Commissioned by King Ludwig II in 1869, it took 17 years to build and remains one of Germany's most visited attractions.

The Cliffs of Moher are a 14-kilometre stretch of sea cliffs on the Atlantic coast of County Clare that rise to 214 metres at their highest point.

The view from the clifftop path, looking south towards the Burren and north towards Galway Bay, with the Aran Islands in the distance, is one of Ireland's most iconic.

Between Florence and Siena, Chianti's rolling hills are stitched with vineyards, olive groves and cypress-lined roads that define the classic image of the Tuscan countryside.

Stone farmhouses and hilltop towns like Greve and Radda anchor a landscape barely changed since medieval times, and the black rooster on Chianti Classico labels marks the region's historic heart.

Trolltunga, meaning Troll's Tongue, is a spectacular horizontal rock formation that juts 700 metres above Lake Ringedalsvatnet in western Norway.

The 27-kilometre return hike to reach it passes through some of Norway's most dramatic fjord landscape, ascending over 1,000 metres in elevation.

A cruise through Norway's steepest fjords, where waterfalls drop hundreds of metres past cliffside farms into water so still it mirrors the mountains.

Geirangerfjord and Naeroyfjord, both UNESCO-listed, narrow to barely a ship's width in places.

Small villages like Flam and Geiranger appear suddenly at the fjord's end, framed by snow long into summer.

Midnight sun in June extends the scenery well past a normal evening.

The Colosseum is the largest amphitheatre ever built and an enduring symbol of the power and ingenuity of ancient Rome.

Completed in 80 AD, it could hold up to 80,000 spectators who came to watch gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and public spectacles that defined Roman entertainment culture.

For over a thousand years, Venice has marked the weeks before Lent with elaborate porcelain masks and Baroque-era costumes, worn by visitors who pose motionless along the canals and in St Mark's Square as if stepped from a painting.

The Flight of the Angel, where a costumed performer descends by wire from the Campanile into the square, opens the festival each year.

Dubrovnik is a medieval walled city on the Adriatic coast of Croatia, its terracotta rooftops and imposing limestone walls rising directly from the sea.

The medieval Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was the backdrop for King's Landing in Game of Thrones, bringing global fame to what was already one of the Mediterranean's most beautiful cities.

A flat granite plateau juts out 604 metres above the Lysefjord, ending in a sheer drop with the fjord stretching away beyond it.

The hike climbs around 350 metres over four kilometres, steep and rocky in places but manageable for most reasonably fit walkers in a few hours.

Nothing about the scale of the drop registers properly until you are standing at the edge of it.

Svalbard is a remote Norwegian archipelago deep in the Arctic Ocean, roughly 60% covered by glaciers and home to more polar bears than people.

Longyearbyen, the main settlement, is the base for dog-sledding, snowmobiling and boat trips past calving glaciers and drifting sea ice, with the midnight sun in summer and polar night and northern lights in winter.

Almost everything beyond town requires an armed guide, which shapes the whole experience.

Gaudi's still-unfinished basilica rises in melting, organic stone spires unlike any other building on Earth, over 140 years into construction.

Inside, columns branch like trees to support a ceiling washed in colour from vast stained-glass windows.

The mix of Gothic scale and Art Nouveau strangeness makes both the exterior facades and the interior light equally worth lingering over.

A UNESCO World Heritage rail line, the Bernina Express climbs from Chur in Switzerland over the Bernina Pass into Tirano, Italy, crossing the open-air Brusio spiral viaduct, a corkscrewing loop of stone arches built to gain altitude without a tunnel, and passing directly beside the glaciers of the Bernina massif at over 2,200m.

A cogwheel railway climbs through solid rock to a saddle between the Eiger and Mönch, 3,454 metres up, where the "Top of Europe" station opens onto the Aletsch Glacier, the largest ice stream in the Alps.

An ice palace, observation deck, and snow terrace fill out the visit, though thin air and shifting weather can erase the view without warning.

The Vltava River loops almost completely around this medieval town, wrapping its red-roofed old town and Renaissance castle in a natural moat.

A 13th-century castle tower rises above the rooftops, and its viewing gallery gives the single best angle over the whole horseshoe-shaped town below.

Narrow cobbled streets, largely untouched by wartime damage, still follow their original medieval layout.

The Gothic cathedral on the Ile de la Cite, reopened in December 2024 after the 2019 fire with its limestone scrubbed back to a pale gold nobody alive had seen before.

Flying buttresses, gargoyles and both rose windows survived; the spire has been rebuilt to Viollet-le-Duc's design.

Entry to the nave is still free.

The world's largest beer festival, held on Munich's Theresienwiese since 1810, where tents run by the city's traditional breweries fill each day with brass bands, dirndls and lederhosen, and steins raised in unison.

Beyond the beer it's a proper folk festival, with fairground rides and grounds that hold over 100,000 people at once.

Portugal's Douro Valley is carved by centuries of hand-terraced vineyards climbing steeply from the river below, a UNESCO World Heritage landscape and the birthplace of port wine, still transported by traditional flat-bottomed rabelo boats that once carried barrels downriver to Porto.

The schist-terraced hillsides shift colour with the seasons.

Elafonisi, on Crete's southwestern tip, is known for sand that turns pale pink where crushed coral mixes with white quartz, and a shallow lagoon warm and calm enough to wade across to a small offshore islet.

The water is startlingly clear and turquoise even by Greek island standards, and the beach's gentle slope makes it one of the easier stretches of coast for families with young children.

Mozart's birthplace hosts one of the world's most prestigious classical music festivals each summer, staging opera, orchestral concerts, and theatre across venues from the grand Felsenreitschule - a riding school carved into a cliff face - to smaller baroque halls.

Founded in 1920 and still run to famously exacting standards, tickets for its top opera productions are among the hardest and most expensive in classical music to secure.

A silhouette of spires and battlements on an isolated hilltop above the Swabian Alps, ancestral seat of the Prussian royal family.

The current structure is a 19th-century neo-Gothic rebuild, furnished with royal Prussian treasures including the crown of Wilhelm II.

On clear autumn mornings fog fills the valley below and the castle appears to float above it, and the ramparts give views across the whole region.

Terracotta-roofed houses stack up the steep riverbank of the Douro in Porto's Ribeira district, a tangle of narrow lanes barely changed since medieval times.

The double-decked Dom Luis I Bridge, engineered by a student of Gustave Eiffel, carries a metro line across the top and traffic below.

Port lodges line the far bank at Vila Nova de Gaia, where the wine is still aged, blended and tasted.

Golden limestone cliffs riddled with sea caves and arches line this stretch of southern Portuguese coast, best known for the Benagil Cave's near-perfect circular skylight.

Small boats and kayaks squeeze through narrow rock archways to reach hidden beaches accessible no other way.

The cliffs shift from ochre to deep orange depending on the light.

A Romanticist fantasy on a crag above Sintra, painted in egg-yolk yellow and vermilion with Moorish domes, Manueline carving and a mythological triton over the main arch.

Built in the 1840s on the ruins of a monastery, it stands high enough that cloud regularly drifts through the terraces.

The park below runs to eighty-five hectares.

The Alhambra is a palace and fortress complex built by the Moorish rulers of Granada in the 13th and 14th centuries, representing the pinnacle of Islamic art in Europe.

Its intricate geometric tilework, carved stucco, horseshoe arches, and reflecting pools are set against the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada.

The largest and most extravagant château in the Loire Valley, commissioned by Francois I and famous for its double-helix staircase (rumoured to involve Leonardo da Vinci) and a rooftop forest of turrets, chimneys, and lanterns unlike any other building in France.

Surrounded by a vast walled hunting estate, its silhouette against open parkland is the archetype of a Renaissance fairy-tale castle.

It took nearly two decades to build and was barely used by the king who ordered it.

Brunelleschi's magnificent dome crowns Florence's skyline and remains the largest brick dome ever constructed.

Built between 1296 and 1436, the Duomo's terracotta-tiled dome and its ornate campanile have defined the city's silhouette for nearly 600 years.

The cathedral of Venice, a Byzantine pile of domes, marble columns and eight thousand square metres of gold mosaic gathered and looted over eight centuries.

The four bronze horses on the loggia were taken from Constantinople in 1204.

The Pala d Oro behind the altar is set with almost two thousand gemstones.

Mykonos built its reputation on whitewashed alleys, the row of windmills overlooking the harbour, and a nightlife scene that runs from beach clubs by day to bars in Chora by night.

Little Venice's balconied houses sit almost in the water, and beaches like Paradise and Psarou draw a see-and-be-seen crowd through the summer.

Away from the party scene, quieter coves and Cycladic villages inland offer a calmer version of the same island.

Salzburg's baroque old town sits below a hilltop fortress on the banks of the Salzach River, its narrow lanes lined with Mozart's birthplace, elaborate church facades, and the gardens used as filming locations for The Sound of Music.

The Hohensalzburg Fortress, one of Europe's largest surviving medieval castles, looms over the skyline and is reachable by funicular, and music runs through the city year-round.

Built for the 1889 World's Fair and nearly dismantled twenty years later, the Eiffel Tower is 330 metres of exposed wrought iron that Parisians initially loathed and now cannot imagine the skyline without.

Lifts and stairs reach two public floors of restaurants and terraces, plus a summit platform with views across the whole city.

After dark, 20,000 bulbs make it sparkle for five minutes on the hour until 1am.

London's most recognisable river crossing, a pair of neo-Gothic towers linked by a pale blue lattice and a glass-floored high walkway.

The bascules still lift around 800 times a year for tall ships, and the best views come from the south bank looking north.

Inside, the Victorian engine rooms hold the original steam machinery that raised the road.

Skogafoss is one of Iceland's most dramatic waterfalls, with the Skoga river plunging 60 metres over a cliff edge into a pool below, generating so much spray that a rainbow forms on sunny days.

A staircase of 527 steps climbs to the top of the falls, giving access to a scenic riverside trail.

Route 1 loops 1,332 kilometres around Iceland, stringing together nearly every landscape it's famous for: black sand beaches, glacier lagoons, geothermal fields, and waterfalls beside the road.

The south coast alone delivers Seljalandsfoss, Skogafoss and the icebergs of Jokulsarlon within hours.

Further round, the route crosses lava deserts and fishing villages, then the geothermal north near Lake Myvatn, before looping back to Reykjavik.

Regularly ranked among Europe's best beaches, this small Algarve cove sits below golden limestone cliffs riddled with arches and sea stacks.

A clifftop walking trail runs the length of the coastline above, and a flight of stairs drops to a narrow strip of sand that fills quickly once the day gets going.

The sheltered, clear water makes for excellent snorkelling around the rock formations.

Restored 1920s and 1930s carriages, all inlaid wood, brass fittings and Art Deco marquetry, carry passengers between London, Paris and Venice aboard the most famous luxury train in the world, evoking the golden age of rail travel that inspired Agatha Christie's Murder on the Orient Express.

Formal dinner is required most evenings aboard.

Berlin carries its twentieth-century history openly — the Brandenburg Gate, the remaining stretch of Wall at the East Side Gallery, and the glass dome of the Reichstag sit alongside a city that has rebuilt itself into one of Europe's most creative capitals.

Museum Island holds five major museums on a single stretch of the Spree, while neighbourhoods like Kreuzberg run a nightlife and food scene that runs well past midnight.

Delphi was the ancient world's most important oracle, where pilgrims travelled from across the Mediterranean to consult the priestess of Apollo.

The sanctuary's ruins climb a steep slope of Mount Parnassus overlooking a valley of olive groves that stretches to the Gulf of Corinth, and the on-site museum holds the bronze Charioteer, one of the finest surviving Greek statues.

The Grossglockner High Alpine Road climbs through 36 hairpin bends to over 2,500 metres, threading past Austria's highest peak and ending at a viewpoint over the Pasterze, the country's largest glacier.

Marmots and ibex are a common sight along the route, and a dozen or so panoramic pull-offs give reason to stop every few kilometres.

The road is only open from May to October, closing once snow makes the high pass impassable.

A compact old town of frescoed buildings wraps around the Reuss River where it leaves Lake Lucerne, crossed by the wooden, gabled Chapel Bridge that has linked both banks since the 14th century.

Mount Pilatus and Mount Rigi rise directly behind the rooftops, reachable by cogwheel train, cable car, or lake steamer, making Lucerne as much a gateway to the mountains as a destination of its own.

Perched on an extinct volcanic plug above the city, Edinburgh Castle has dominated the skyline for over a thousand years and still fires the One O'Clock Gun daily.

Inside are the Scottish Crown Jewels, the Stone of Destiny, and sweeping views down the Royal Mile to Arthur's Seat.

The dramatic clifftop silhouette, especially floodlit at night or during the Military Tattoo, is one of Britain's most recognisable images.

The Giant's Causeway is an area of approximately 40,000 interlocking basalt columns on the Antrim coast of Northern Ireland, formed by an ancient volcanic fissure eruption.

The hexagonal columns, which fit together with extraordinary geometric precision, were created around 50-60 million years ago and have inspired countless legends.

The Acropolis of Athens is a flat-topped hill rising 150 metres above the city, crowned by the Parthenon — the greatest surviving monument of ancient Greek civilisation.

Built under the direction of Pericles between 447 and 432 BC, the marble temple dedicated to the goddess Athena has stood as a symbol of democracy and Western culture for 2,500 years.

Byzantine-era monasteries perch atop towering sandstone pillars rising 400 meters above the Thessalian plain, originally reachable only by rope basket.

Six remain active today, their frescoed interiors and the otherworldly rock landscape outside making this one of Greece's most singular sights.

One of the steepest standard-gauge railways in the world, the Flam Railway climbs 866 metres in just 20km between the fjord-side village of Flam and the mountain station at Myrdal, passing waterfalls and hairpin turns carved through solid rock over 20 years of construction.

It makes a scheduled stop at Kjosfossen waterfall, where passengers step out onto a platform beside the falls.

A dramatic ship-prow-shaped fortress rising from a rocky spur above the confluence of two rivers, widely credited as one of the visual inspirations for Disney's Cinderella Castle.

Slate-topped conical turrets, a moat, and a commanding position over the Castilian plains give it an almost storybook silhouette, striking from the valley floor and from its own tower alike.

Inside, opulent halls and a royal armoury trace its history as a fortress, royal palace, and military academy.

For a week before Easter, Seville's centuries-old religious brotherhoods carry ornate wooden floats bearing statues of Christ and the Virgin Mary through the streets on the shoulders of hidden bearers, accompanied by hooded penitents and mournful saeta singing.

Balconies fill and cafes stay open past midnight as processions cross the city continuously, culminating in the sleepless Madrugada from Maundy Thursday into Good Friday.

The Rhine Gorge is a 65-kilometre stretch of the river between Koblenz and Bingen where more than 40 medieval castles sit on vineyard-terraced hillsides above the water, including the legendary Loreley rock where a siren was said to lure sailors to their deaths.

River cruises, a scenic rail line, and riverside cycling paths run the length of the valley, with half-timbered wine villages lining the banks at almost every bend.

Vienna spent centuries as the seat of the Habsburg Empire, and the grandeur shows — the Ringstrasse boulevard circles an old town of imperial palaces, opera houses, and coffee houses that have hosted composers and philosophers for 300 years.

The Hofburg and Schönbrunn palaces anchor the city's imperial history, while the Naschmarkt and Prater park show its more everyday side.

Portugal's hilly capital rises above the Tagus estuary in tiers of pastel façades, azulejo tilework, and rattling yellow trams.

Alfama's medieval lanes climb past fado bars toward São Jorge Castle, while Belém's monuments trace the Age of Discoveries and the modern LX Factory anchors a livelier scene.

It rewards slow wandering more than a fixed itinerary, with river-view miradouros around every third corner.

A volcanic island in the mid-Atlantic nicknamed the "floating garden," Madeira packs cloud forest, terraced vineyards, and sea cliffs over 500 metres tall into an area smaller than greater London.

A 19th-century irrigation network of levadas laces the interior with walking trails through laurel forest and past hidden waterfalls, while a glass skywalk cantilevers out over Cabo Girão, one of Europe's highest sea cliffs.

Bryggen is the old Hanseatic wharf on Bergen's harbour, a row of narrow, brightly painted wooden warehouses rebuilt after fires since the 14th century and listed by UNESCO since 1979.

The buildings now hold workshops, galleries and restaurants behind their tilted timber frames, and the wharf sits at the centre of a lively harbour city ringed by seven mountains.

Compact enough to explore in an hour, longer with the Hanseatic Museum.

Tuscany is Italy's most celebrated region, where rolling hills of vineyards and cypress trees, medieval hilltop towns, and Renaissance art create an idealised vision of the Italian countryside.

The Val d'Orcia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with its pale golden hills, isolated farmhouses, and winding white roads, is the part most people have in mind when they think of Tuscany.

Golden limestone fortifications ring this entire harbour city, built by the Knights of St John in the 16th century to withstand a siege that never came again.

Baroque church domes and balconied townhouses in faded pastel line streets laid out on a strict grid, unusual for a city of its age.

The Upper Barrakka Gardens offer a sweeping view over the Grand Harbour, with warships once anchored where cruise liners now dock.

Held on the shore of Lake Geneva since 1967, Montreux built its reputation on landmark live recordings by artists from Miles Davis to Deep Purple, whose fire at the 1971 show inspired 'Smoke on the Water'.

Despite the name, the programme now spans well beyond jazz into pop, soul, and electronic music across indoor venues and free lakeside stages, with the mountains rising directly behind the promenade.

The last medieval bridge left on the Arno, lined with jewellers' shops that jut out over the water on timber brackets.

Vasari's covered corridor runs above the shopfronts, linking the Uffizi to the Pitti Palace so the Medici could cross the river without mixing with the city below.

Butchers occupied the shops until 1593, when they were evicted for the smell and replaced by goldsmiths.

A dramatic clifftop on Vágar island overlooking Lake Leitisvatn, which appears from this angle to float 30 meters above the Atlantic Ocean — a famous optical illusion.

Sheer 300-meter drops, sheep-dotted grass, and constantly shifting Nordic light make it one of Europe's most striking viewpoints.

The largest ancient castle complex in the world by area, a walled city-within-a-city on a hill above Prague that has housed Bohemian kings, Holy Roman emperors, and now the Czech president.

St Vitus Cathedral's Gothic spires rise above the walls and are visible from almost anywhere in the city, especially from Charles Bridge at dusk.

The complex holds multiple palaces, gardens, and museums, so a single ticket barely scratches the surface.

The Habsburgs 1,441-room summer residence in Vienna, its ochre facade facing formal parterres that climb to the Gloriette on the ridge behind.

Forty rooms are open, among them the Hall of Mirrors where a six-year-old Mozart is said to have played for Maria Theresa.

The grounds also hold the oldest surviving zoo in the world.